(1) HTML

Introduction:-

HTML(Hyper Text Markup Language) is a standard markup language for creating webpages and web applications. it is the foundation of the world wide web and is used to describe the structure of the content in documents, such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes, and other items

Advantages of HTML:

(i) Easy and simple to use.

(ii) widely supported by almost all web browsers.

(iii) the standard language for making the structure of the web pages.

(iv) Code is very lightweight, thus providing better speed online.

(v) free to use. and it can be run on browsers only, so there is no need to buy any external software.

Disadvantages of HTML:

(i) only capable of making static web pages that do not contain any functionality or dynamic content.

(ii) due to complex and long syntaxes, there are multiple lines of code required even to make any web component.

(iii) there is no feature for syntax error detection. thus if any error is made while coding, it can only be detected after seeing the output. this could be very harmful if the code is long and complicated.

(iv) The security features of HTML are almost none or very limited.

(v) The HTML code is tough to understand and manage.

2.HTML5

Introduction:-

HTML5 is the latest version of HTML and includes new features that allow web developers to create more interactive and engaging content for the web.

Advantages of HTML5:

(i) There are many attributes present in HTML5 that were not present in HTML.. E.g, data-offline, on abort, onblur, etc

(ii) it provides support for audio, video, and other multimedia content by using tags like <audio>, <video>, <canvas>, etc.

(iii) there are many page layout options available in HTML5. in HTML, you can only find page layout tags like div, span, etc. but in HTML5, there are many more tag options available like header, footer, article, section, etc.

(iv) HTML5 supports search engine optimization (SEO), search engine optimization helps websites to know about the popularity of their content and also provides insights on how to improve the content to increase the traffic on the websites.

Disadvantages of HTML5:

(i) can only be run on modern browsers. Not compatible with older versions of various browsers, e.g., Google Chrome version less than 60, Mozilla version 2 and 3.6, etc.

(ii) there is no standard video format available. for example, the H-264 video format is supported by all web browsers but not by Firefox, similarly, the Ogg theory video format is supported by all web browsers but not by Explorer.

(iii) the multi-platform support provided by HTML5 sometimes leads to more complex code. Also, it becomes necessary to run all web applications in all formats to check the credibility of the code.

(iv) HTML5 is still in the development phase; therefore, it might appear that a few features that worked before are not working now. thus developers need to stay updated while using HTML5.